CVE-2025-53770
About
Deserialization of untrusted data in on-premises Microsoft SharePoint Server allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
Microsoft is aware that an exploit for CVE-2025-53770 exists in the wild.
Microsoft is preparing and fully testing a comprehensive update to address this vulnerability. In the meantime, please make sure that the mitigation provided in this CVE documentation is in place so that you are protected from exploitation.
Rainforest analyst review
The flaw is deserialization of untrusted data in on-premises SharePoint Server: the server accepts attacker-supplied serialized objects and reconstructs them into live code, letting an unauthenticated attacker run commands over the network. Microsoft confirmed exploitation in the wild before a complete fix shipped — the dangerous gap where the technique is public but the patch isn’t.
On-prem SharePoint is a soft target for exactly this kind of bug: a large, old, deeply-integrated application that tends to hold a company’s documents and sits wired into Active Directory, usually still self-hosted because migrating is hard, not because it’s well-patched. A pre-auth RCE there is a foothold into the document store and often a stepping stone toward domain compromise. Because exploitation preceded the fix, patching is necessary but not sufficient: rotate SharePoint machine keys, hunt for planted web shells, and review what the service account could reach — the attacker may already be inside.
References
- https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-53770
- https://arstechnica.com/security/2025/07/sharepoint-vulnerability-with-9-8-severity-rating-is-under-exploit-across-the-globe/
- https://github.com/kaizensecurity/CVE-2025-53770
- https://msrc.microsoft.com/blog/2025/07/customer-guidance-for-sharepoint-vulnerability-cve-2025-53770/
- https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=44629710
- https://research.eye.security/sharepoint-under-siege/
- https://therecord.media/microsoft-sharepoint-zero-day-vulnerability-exploited-globally
- https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/microsoft/microsoft-sharepoint-zero-day-exploited-in-rce-attacks-no-patch-available/
- https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/alerts/2025/07/20/microsoft-releases-guidance-exploitation-sharepoint-vulnerability-cve-2025-53770
- https://www.darkreading.com/remote-workforce/microsoft-rushes-emergency-fix-exploited-sharepoint-toolshell-flaw
- https://www.forbes.com/sites/daveywinder/2025/07/20/microsoft-confirms-ongoing-mass-sharepoint-attack---no-patch-available/
- https://x.com/Shadowserver/status/1946900837306868163
- https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-53770
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Frequently asked questions
What is CVE-2025-53770?
Deserialization of untrusted data in on-premises Microsoft SharePoint Server allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network. Microsoft is aware that an exploit for CVE-2025-53770 exists in the wild. Microsoft is preparing and fully testing a comprehensive update to address this vulnerability.
How severe is CVE-2025-53770?
CVE-2025-53770 carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.8, rated critical. On the Rainforest Risk Index — which weighs the severity alongside how easy the flaw is to reach and how broad its impact is — it scores 99 out of 100, in the critical band.
How is CVE-2025-53770 exploited?
According to the CVSS vector (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H): attack vector Network, attack complexity Low, privileges required None, user interaction None. Impact on confidentiality High, integrity High and availability High.
Which products are affected by CVE-2025-53770?
Public advisories list the following as affected: sharepoint server. Check the references on this page for the exact versions each vendor confirms.
How do I fix CVE-2025-53770?
Apply the fix the vendor published — the references on this page link to the primary advisories and patches. When patching can't happen right away, reduce the exposure of the affected component and watch it for exploitation attempts. Rainforest customers see this vulnerability correlated to their own assets and prioritized by real exposure, not by score alone.
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